The much revered, but also maligned, architect Le Corbusier is known for his Machine Art/International Style of architecture.
He was forward thinking and typically ahead of his time. He did some residential work that is noteworthy today, but some consider him to be revolutionary in the area of Urban Planning.
His proposals were founded on the idea that greenspace should be preserved as much as possible.
To do this, he would work with a minimal footprint and go vertical, making a neighborhood run straight up rather than stretch it horizontally, using up valuable greenspace.
Buildings would be spaced out to allow for parks in between all buildings. The buildings themselves were forward thinking for a few reasons.
One, he would incorporate greenspace in top of all buildings to make up for the lost footprint of the building.
But the second point is that this greenspace wasn?t even lost, because he proposed to build the structures on piers.
His idea was that the piers would preserve the greenspace as much as possible.
The additional benefit addresses what is discussed here, minimizing flooding damage. I do not think that this was necessary his intent, but it would be the end result.
By maximizing greenspace, another benefit in relation to flooding would be that the waters would be absorbed by the greenspace faster than if it the waters were overcoming a full, concrete jungle.
I have never been a fan of geodesic domes. I find them an eyesore, would imagine a pain to construct, and a pain to keep air/water tight.
Tight in the scope of energy efficiency and rain tight. This doesn?t even begin to address stopping the flood waters from breaking the integrity of the structure.
Water exerts tremendous amounts of pressure and I would find it easier to design a structure that allowed water to pass through rather than to try and stop it.
I can?t find too much on the web RE: this idea, but here is one link on this regards:
http://tesugen.com/archives/04/06/corbus-city-of-tomorrow
This is a review of a apartment/hotel that is still in use:
http://www.channel4.com/life/microsites/0-9/4travel/places-to-stay/france/le-corbusier/review.html